Keywords
polyangiitis
head and neck
How to Cite
Abstract
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a rare disease, the annual incidence of which is 8-10 cases per million people, caused by an unusual autoimmune reaction associated with the elevation of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) that cause small vessel vasculitis and granulomatous inflammation. These reactions cause symptoms that usually begin in a localized way, affecting the head and neck, which progress to a systemic involvement with a poor prognosis, however, sometimes these can be overlooked and delay their diagnosis. The article focuses on mentioning the most important clinical manifestations in the head and neck. The diagnosis is difficult and is based on the clinical manifestations associated with a histopathological analysis and positivity of the ANCA. Early treatment helps to improve the prognosis of this disease, and a multidisciplinary team is needed to diagnose and treat this disease, in order to achieve remission and prevent the greatest number of adverse effects from treatments. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a rare disease, with an annual incidence of 8-10 cases per million people, it´s caused by an unusual autoimmune reaction associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), producing small-vessel vasculitis and granulomatous inflammation. These reactions result in symptoms, usually localized starting in the head and neck region, progressing to a systemic form with a poor prognosis, however, some of these symptoms can be overlooked and delay the diagnosis. This article centers in mentioning the most important clinical manifestations in the head and neck. Diagnosis is difficult, and it's based on clinical manifestations associated with histopathological analysis and ANCA positivity. Early treatment helps improving the prognosis, and a multi-disciplinary cooperation is needed for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, to adequately achieve the remission and to prevent most of the adverse effects of the treatments.
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