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Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is defined as chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain usually accompanied by fatigue and sleep disturbances of at least 3 months that are not explained by another medical condition. It is more common in women, but can occur from children to adults and men. The prevalence is 2.7% in the general population. The etiology itself is unknown, but it is classified as a central sensitization by neuroendocrinological changes in the central and peripheral nervous system in genetically susceptible individuals, in response to environmental triggers, resulting in increased pain perception and hypersensitivity to numerous stimuli. It is characterized by generalized musculoskeletal pain and soft tissue tenderness, accompanied by fatigue, sleep disturbances, somatic, cognitive and psychiatric disorders. There might be coexisting disorders that stimulate or exacerbate symptoms. The diagnosis is based upon the clinical history and symptoms, normal physical examination, normal complementary studies and positive AAPT or 2010 RAC or Yunus and Masi criteria. Possible differential diagnoses should be evaluated according to the group age. Management is based on education, identification of comorbidities, exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy, medication such as antidepressant and anticonvulsant drugs, and alternative therapies. Patients have life quality deterioration and morbidity, without a significant increase in mortality.
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