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Abstract
Objective: To describe the main histopathological changes present in the tendinopathies, the pathogenesis and the therapeutic advances found in the literature on treatments with stem cells, growth factors (platelet-rich plasma) and pharmacological treatment.
Methods: a literature search related to pathogenesis, histological changes of tendinopathies and therapeutic advances regarding the use of cellular therapies (stem cells), therapy with growth factors (platelet-rich plasma) and pharmacological therapy. The bibliographic search was carried out in the Pubmed databases, Clinical Key, Science Direct. Bibliographic review articles were used between 2005 and 2018, written in English.
Conclusions: Tendinopathies have a complex multifactorial origin, where extrinsic and intrinsic factors play an important role in the development of this affectation. Inflammation plays a decisive role in the development of the pathogenesis of tendinopathies. Pharmacological anti-inflammatory therapy has short-term effects on pain reduction, however, it is counterproductive in the long term. There is controversy about the use of PRP and cell therapy (stem cells); more research is needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this treatments in tendinopathies.
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